Does the saying "We do not excommunicate a Muslim for a sin unless he deems it permissible" apply to any action that a person can commit sins and misdeeds, or is it specific to certain matters?

The statement that "sins do not render their perpetrator an unbeliever unless he deems them permissible" has been mentioned by the imams in their creeds. The Sunnis do not declare a disobedient person an unbeliever merely for his disobedience unless he deems it permissible. This applies to both major and minor sins.

Sins are from the matters of pre-Islamic ignorance (Jahiliyyah), and their perpetrator does not become an unbeliever by committing them except through shirk (associating partners with God); for Allah Almighty says: "Indeed, Allah does not forgive association with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills."

Scholars have unanimously agreed that the perpetrator of a major sin does not become an unbeliever in a way that removes him from the faith, nor does he exit from belief and Islam, nor does he enter into disbelief, nor does he deserve eternal abode in Hell with the disbelievers. Rather, his matter is with Allah.

However, acts that are inherently blasphemous, such as insulting Allah the Almighty or ridiculing religion, do not require deeming them permissible.