What is the ruling on zakat for money that has reached the nisab and a full year has passed on it, given that the origin of this money was an interest-based loan from the bank?

You must dispose of money borrowed with usury by returning it to the lender if the money still exists, or returning its equivalent if it has been consumed. The person must calculate the money from their trade at the end of the year, subtract the debt owed to the bank, and pay zakat on the remainder if it reaches the nisab, along with repentance. Debt is deducted from zakat if there are no non-zakat-eligible funds exceeding one's needs that can offset it; otherwise, the debt is not deducted from the zakatable money.