What is the ruling on one who breaks an oath: is he absolved of the expiation under specific conditions or an excuse, or does it remain until he fulfills it? And what is the ruling on one who fasts a day from an oath's expiation and then dies?

One is absolved of responsibility for an expiation (kaffara) by performing it, which is feeding ten needy persons, or clothing them, or freeing a slave. If one cannot find [the means], then one fasts for three days. If one is unable to do any of that, then there is nothing upon him. If a Muslim fasts part of the expiation and dies before completing it due to inability, then there is nothing upon him if he did not leave behind any wealth. However, if he did leave behind wealth, then the value of the least of the expiation’s options is to be taken from it. It is permissible for one of his relatives or others to voluntarily perform it on his behalf, just as it is permissible to fast on his behalf, according to the preponderant view of scholars.