What is the degree by which Allah has favored men over women, and what is its relation to qawamah (guardianship/maintenance), and what are the manifestations of this degree?

The degree that a man has over a woman is that of Qawamah (guardianship/authority) and its requisites, such as managing family affairs and other responsibilities. The justification for this is the man's natural constitution, which includes his greater experience, stability, and intellect, preparing him to bear burdens and obligating him to provide financial support. This is in accordance with His, the Almighty's, saying: "Men are in charge of women by [right of] what Allah has given some over others and by [right of] what they spend from their wealth."