What is the ruling of the Sharia on a company's failure to commit to paying salaries in Egyptian pounds according to the Central Bank's exchange rate for the US dollar, and instead settling for a lower rate under the pretext of market conditions? And is this considered an injustice?

If the rent is contracted in dollars, it is fixed in dollars, and the default is that it should be paid in dollars. It is permissible, upon receipt, for both parties to agree to pay it in another currency at its value on that day. However, a prior agreement to pay in another currency is not permissible, because it constitutes a deferred exchange (sarf mu’ajjal).

The Shariah-compliant alternative is the indexed linkage of wages, meaning periodic adjustment of the salary according to changes in the value of the local currency, to protect the purchasing power of employees from inflation, as ruled by the Islamic Fiqh Academy.

The contract is valid with the agreed-upon rent in dollars, but the agreement to disburse it at its value in local currency is not permissible. The rent remains a debt in dollars. In case of dispute or harm, the matter should be referred to the competent judiciary.