Is it permissible to lie to people whose circumstances are similar to those who caused harm in the past, with the aim of concealing one's psychological state and personal circumstances, for fear of repeated harm?

You are not required to disclose your personal affairs to people, and there is no harm in concealing them. Lying is forbidden. If you are compelled to answer, then use ma'areed (allusions/double entendres). This is speech that carries two meanings: its apparent meaning is a lie, but its inner meaning is the truth. This is for the purpose of keeping your private matters discreet. Lying is permissible if you find no other way to be safe from people's harm except through it, for a legitimate interest and without harming others.