What is the ruling on prayer and ghusl for a breastfeeding woman who uses contraceptives, and her menstrual cycle is irregular with intermittent bleeding? And what is the ruling on making up for Ramadan for a breastfeeding woman who did not fast due to pregnancy?

The maximum period for menstruation is fifteen days. If the bleeding exceeds this period, the woman is considered to have Istihada (non-menstrual vaginal bleeding). In such a case, she should refer to her previous habit, or she can distinguish if she is able. Otherwise, she should consider six or seven days as menstruation and perform ghusl after its completion, and perform wudu for every prayer.

Regarding breaking the fast, if a woman breaks her fast out of fear for herself, she only has to make up the missed days. If she breaks her fast out of fear for her child, she must make up the missed days and feed a poor person for each day.