What are the five questions that the Jews posed to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and to which he responded with chapters from the Qur’an, yet they rejected his answers?

The Jews asked the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, about the sign of prophethood, and how a woman becomes female and male, and what Israel (Jacob) forbade for himself, and what thunder is, and who is the angel of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who brings him tidings. The Jews also asked the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, about the punishment for the married fornicator, and about the story of the People of the Cave, and about Dhul-Qarnayn, and about the soul.