What is the Islamic ruling on the issue of sponsor (kafeel) and sponsorship (kafaalah) for foreigners in Arab countries, and is the phrase "my sponsor" (kafeeli) and "so-and-so's sponsor" (kafeel fulaan) Islamically permissible, and is the money that the sponsor takes from the sponsored person as a commission lawful?

The basic principle is that a Muslim has the right to enter any Muslim country, reside in it, and engage in permissible work. They are entitled to the same rights and obligations as the country's inhabitants. However, if expediency and sound Islamic governance necessitate that the people of each country remain in their homeland to develop it and defend it, or if their migration would impose a heavy burden or cause chaos, then it is incumbent upon the ruler to manage affairs according to what serves the public interest. This includes not allowing entry except for those whom the country needs, or if the newcomer is in need of the country and capable of working in it without being a burden. There is no harm in requiring a sponsor in this case to regulate matters, nor is there any harm in someone saying, "This is my sponsor, and the sponsor of so-and-so."

The sponsorship system practiced in some countries includes injustice and oppression towards the sponsored individual. Therefore, sponsors must fear Allah and know that their authority is limited to achieving common good and justice. As for the money taken by the sponsor, if it is in exchange for services rendered and efforts exerted, there is no harm. Otherwise, it is impermissible.