ما هو التعريف الشرعي واللغوي للتنابز بالألقاب، والقذف، والسب، وما الفرق بينها وكفارة كل منها؟

Linguistically, an-nabz means a title, and it is frequently used in dispraise. At-tanābūz means to call each other by dispraiseworthy titles. Legally, it means to describe or call a person by a characteristic or title that he dislikes, or that involves dispraise, belittlement, or mockery. Allah Almighty said: "And do not call each other by [offensive] nicknames."

Linguistically, al-qadhf means to throw or cast with force. Legally, it means to accuse a person of fornication, and it is one of the major sins.

Linguistically, as-sabb means to insult, cut off, or stab. Legally, it means to insult and revile an innocent person without a legal right, and it is forbidden. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Insulting a Muslim is wickedness, and fighting him is disbelief."

The expiation for one who commits any of these acts is sincere repentance and seeking forgiveness from the one who was wronged.