Must I perform ablution for every prayer as a person afflicted with urinary incontinence, knowing that I see urine in my underwear but do not feel its discharge, and I have been diagnosed with a urinary tract infection and refused to take antibiotics due to their side effects?

If the interruption of urine flow is more frequent than its continuous flow, but it is irregular, the majority of scholars hold that it does not fall under the ruling of سلس ( سلس البول - urinary incontinence), and therefore, ablution (wudu') is invalidated by the emission of urine. However, some Hanbalis preferred the view that irregular interruption of urine flow has the ruling of سلس.

In the case of praying with urine impurity, being unaware of its presence, and then the worshipper becomes aware of it after the prayer, he is not required to repeat the past prayers, according to the soundest of the two scholarly opinions.