Is it permissible to give money taken in the past from a Quranic study circle's canteen to another Quranic study circle far from the original home?

As long as you do not know the exact amount, estimate it with what you believe will absolve you of responsibility. You must return the right to the party from whom you took it. You are not obliged to disclose what happened on your part; rather, the obligation is to deliver the right to its owners by any possible means.