To what extent does the rule "intention follows knowledge" apply to the sayings of the jurisprudential schools regarding the timing of intention in prayer (a short time before the takbir, a long time before it, or simultaneous with it)? And how does one who performs ablution (al-mutawaḍḍi’) and doubts his impurity intend? Does he intend to remove the doubted impurity or to renew the ablution?

Intention follows knowledge. Whoever knows what he intends to do will inevitably intend it. This is to facilitate matters and cut off obsessive thoughts. However, it is conceivable for the intention to deviate from the action. If a person intends to pray Dhuhr but intends to pray Asr, his intention is incorrect, and he must bring to mind, before commencing the prayer, the specific prayer he intends to perform.