What is the ruling on holding a second congregational prayer in the mosque after the obligatory prayer has concluded for those who missed it, and what is the evidence for that, and what is its ruling in the Two Holy Mosques?

There is no harm in re-performing congregational prayer in a mosque where it has already been performed, and there is no difference in this regard between the Two Holy Mosques and others, as long as the first congregation was missed due to an excuse. However, if it was missed without an excuse, some scholars have deemed it disliked to re-perform congregational prayer in the mosques of Mecca and Medina, and this is the view of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal. The permissibility of re-performing congregational prayer absolutely is indicated by the hadith of the man who came to the Prophet's Mosque after the prayer had concluded, whereupon the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Who will donate to this man by praying with him?"