Is it permissible to divide the deficit in goods equally between two partners, and is the partner entitled to claim half the value of the increase resulting from the sale of the shop upon termination of the partnership?

The question included the ruling on the worker bearing half the loss. This is a form of Mudarabah (profit-sharing partnership) in which it is impermissible to stipulate a guarantee of the capital or to hold the worker liable for losses unless they resulted from his transgression or negligence, except if the worker volunteers to do so. As for the issue of subletting the shop (leasing it to others), this falls under the Mudarabah capital. The income from subletting is added to the ready cash of the business, then the capital is deducted, and the surplus is the profit. The worker is only entitled to what was agreed upon from the profit, and if no profit is made, he receives nothing.