Is the "Salat al-Hajah" (Prayer of Need) existent, and is it permissible to pray it during times of disfavor, and what are the times of disfavor and prohibition?

The "Salat al-Hajah" (Prayer of Need) is not prayed during detested times (waqt al-karahah) because its cause is subsequent. The Shafi'i school of thought holds that the prohibition of prayer during detested times only applies to prayers that have no cause. However, for prayers that have a preceding cause, there is no detestation. The prohibition during these times is for حرمة (prohibition), according to the more accurate opinion.