Why do animals suffer the throes of death and torment, despite not being held accountable or rewarded for it?
When a person deals with matters of divine decree (Qadar) purely with their intellect, they go astray. Therefore, one must submit to Allah due to His perfect knowledge, wisdom, power, and mercy, and not ask: "Why did Allah do such and such?" This is supported by His (the Most High) saying: ﴿He is not questioned about what He does, but they will be questioned.﴾ Allah created everything with profound wisdom and abundant grace. The true believer is one who submits to Allah in the unseen, because true obligation is submission to Allah in matters that the intellect cannot grasp, such as the suffering of children and the slaughter of animals, all while believing that Allah is the Most Merciful of those who show mercy. Allah created life to test His servants, and among these tests are ambiguities. Therefore, the believer must understand the ambiguous in light of clear fundamental principles. Animals are encompassed by Allah's mercy and blessings, and any pain they experience either returns with benefit or is a necessary consequence of good. Man should gauge what he does not know of Allah's wisdom by what he does know; for not knowing the detailed wisdom of Allah does not negate the essence of His wisdom, nor is it permissible for him to deny what he has not come to know.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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