What is the ruling on papers that contain expiration dates and other information related to "time," and must they be protected from desecration, based on the saying of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him: "Do not curse time, for Allah is time"?

Throwing away expiry date papers is not cursing time, and there is no need to keep them, because they are just numbers. The prohibited cursing of time is believing that time is the doer of calamities and misfortunes. This is forbidden because Allah Almighty is the doer of these things.