Is it obligatory to replace a mosque's Mushaf whose cover was damaged unintentionally due to falling?
If you use the in the customary manner, without excess or negligence, and it perishes for reasons other than that, then you are not liable for compensation. However, if the Mushaf is damaged due to misuse or negligence, you must repair what was damaged so that it returns to its original state. This is because whoever causes damage to endowments is responsible for repairing them if possible, otherwise they are responsible for their replacement.
There is no distinction between intentional and unintentional damage when it comes to the obligation of compensation for respected property. Unintentional and intentional damage to property are treated the same. The compensation here falls under the category of a declarative ruling (hukm wad'i), not a prescriptive ruling (hukm taklifi). Therefore, a child, an insane person, and a sleeping person are liable for compensating what they have damaged.
The fundamental difference between intentional and unintentional damage in terms of what is destroyed is that unintentional damage lifts the sin. These rulings also apply to endowed property; its compensation is obligatory upon whoever damages it, whether the damage was intentional or unintentional.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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