Why did the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) not mention "Ibn as-Sabil" (the wayfarer) and "Al-Mu'allafati Qulubuhum" (those whose hearts are to be reconciled) among those exempted from the prohibition of giving charity to the rich in the Hadith: "Charity is not permissible for a rich person, except for five..."? And does the Hadith refer only to zakat that is returned to its owner, so that it is not permissible for a rich person to buy his zakat unless the poor person offers it, and what are the consequent rulings, such as the nature of zakat between spouses and paying blood money from zakat?

The aforementioned hadith is authentic, and the interpretation ascribed to it is incorrect. One must refer to the people of knowledge and not attempt to understand the texts independently. The wayfarer (Ibn As-Sabeel) is currently poor and is given [charity] due to his need. Those whose hearts are to be reconciled (Al-Mu'allafatu Quloobuhum) are given [charity] for the benefit of the Muslims. The understood meaning takes precedence over the explicit wording if they contradict. The hadith indicates that charity is permissible for five categories of the wealthy: one who is fighting in the way of Allah, an administrator of charity, one who is in debt, a man who purchased charity with his money, and a man whose poor neighbor gifted it to him. These categories do not fall under the general prohibition of giving charity to the wealthy. Voluntary charity is permissible for both the rich and the poor.