Is it permissible to give charity from the personal allowance a father gives to his son without the father's knowledge or consent, and is it permissible to donate a daughter's jewelry without her parents' knowledge or consent?

The basic principle is that a woman has her independent financial responsibility, and she is permitted to give charity without the permission of her father or husband.

As for the allowance a father gives his daughter, it is considered a restricted gift, not a complete ownership transfer. If the father gives it to her to buy what she needs, then she is not allowed to give it as charity except with his permission, because a restricted gift requires adherence to the conditions it was given under.

Therefore, it is not permissible to give half of the allowance as charity except with the father's permission, and she should try to convince him of the virtue of giving charity.