ما حكم دفع الزكاة للأقارب في بلد آخر، أو لدفعها كمعونة شهرية لأخ مدخن أو أخت، أو احتساب مبلغ دُفع سابقًا بنية الدين كزكاة لقريب مدخن أقلع عن التدخين لكنه لا يزال يستخدم المضغة؟

Your relative must repent from chewing tobacco, as it is a type of forbidden smoking. The amount paid to him cannot be considered a debt from zakat, because the intention of zakat was not present at the time of payment. Furthermore, it is not permissible to pay zakat in installments except under certain conditions; the default is to pay it immediately in a single lump sum. It is permissible to pay zakat to brothers and sisters if their salaries are insufficient to meet their needs, and this is highly recommended. However, if the reason for their insufficiency is spending money on something forbidden, such as smoking, then it is not permissible to pay zakat to them, as this would be assisting in disobedience. The zakat payer should be diligent in paying zakat and ensure that the recipient is among those who are eligible.