What is the ruling on not performing istinja' (cleansing) after urinating, based on the argument that what remains is negligible, and does this affect the validity of the Hajj and the prayer if the total amount exceeds the hollow of the hand?

The majority of scholars hold that purification after urinating (istinja') is obligatory, and prayer is invalidated by its omission, because the worshiper is covered in impurity. This means that prayers and circumambulations (tawaf) must be repeated in this case.

On the other hand, the Hanafis hold that istinja' is not obligatory, and the trace of urine in its place is excused, while what exceeds its place is excused up to the amount of a dirham, unless it exceeds that. According to their school, prayers and circumambulations are valid and do not need to be repeated if the impurity does not exceed its exit point.

Ibn Abidin states that istinja' has five aspects: 1. Obligatory (Wajib): Washing the impurity from the exit point when performing ghusl (ritual bath) after major ritual impurity (janabah), menstruation (hayd), or postnatal bleeding (nifas). If the impurity exceeds the exit point, which is the more cautious view. 2. Sunnah (Recommended): If the impurity does not exceed its exit point. 3. Mustahabb (Desirable): Washing the front private part after urinating but not after defecating. 4. Bid'ah (Innovation): Performing istinja' for passing wind.

It is permissible for those who do not adhere to this school of thought to adopt it to alleviate hardship. However, it is advisable not to neglect istinja' in the future, to avoid differing opinions, to clear one's conscience, and to beware of the severe warning against those who do not thoroughly purify themselves from urine.