Is a pregnant woman obligated to fast Ramadan and Ashura, and what is the ruling on the days a pregnant woman missed in Ramadan due to her weakness and anemia after her miscarriage in the third month, and is she obligated to make up those days before the next Ramadan?

A pregnant woman may break her fast if she fears harm to herself or her fetus. She must make up the days (qadaa') without paying expiation (fidyah) if she fears for herself. However, if she fears only for her fetus, she must both make up the days (qadaa') and pay expiation (fidyah), which is feeding a poor person for each day.

As for a miscarriage in the third month, the resulting blood is not considered nifas (postnatal bleeding) but rather istihada (irregular vaginal bleeding). Therefore, she must pray and fast, performing ablution for each prayer, and she must make up any missed days.

Regarding making up missed days, it must be done before the next Ramadan. If one delays making up the days without a valid excuse, despite being able to, they must both make up the days and feed a poor person for each day. As for one who has a valid excuse, they only need to make up the days.