What is the punishment for sodomy, and is there a difference between the perpetrator and the person upon whom the act is committed?

Sodomy is one of the gravest crimes, indicative of a perversion of natural inclination (fitra). Allah punished its perpetrators in a way that He did not punish any other nation. The Companions unanimously agreed on killing the sodomite, but they differed on the method of execution, including burning, throwing from a high place, or stoning. The majority of jurists hold that its punishment is more severe than that of zina (fornication/adultery), which is execution in all cases. As for the passive party, he is killed just like the active party due to their joint participation in the abomination, unless he was coerced or was a non-pubescent minor. In these cases, the hadd punishment is not applied to him, but he is rather subjected to discretionary punishment (ta'zir).