Is it permissible to give charity with the intention of averting affliction and guiding one's husband, and did the wife err in requesting a divorce, and is it permissible for the husband to marry another despite his debts and his pretexts that the other would not demand expenses?

There is no harm in seeking nearness to Allah through charity with the intention of repelling affliction and improving the relationship between spouses, as this is a permissible form of seeking intercession through righteous deeds. It is not permissible to request a divorce merely because the husband wishes to marry another. Furthermore, there is no harm for a man to marry another woman, even if he is unable to provide for her, as long as the woman consents to it.