What is the ruling on a husband having intercourse with his wife during the daytime in Ramadan, and what should someone who did that in the past Ramadan do, and is there an expiation other than fasting for someone who cannot fast for 60 days, and does the ruling apply to both spouses or to one of them?

If a man has intercourse with his wife intentionally during the day in Ramadan (definition), his fast is invalidated, and he must offer sincere repentance. He is also required to perform the major expiation (kaffarah (definition) kubra), which is: freeing a slave. If he cannot find one, then he must fast for two consecutive months. If he is unable to do that, then he must feed sixty poor people. This expiation is to be performed in this order. He must also make up for that day which he invalidated by intercourse.

If he delays making up for it without a valid excuse until another Ramadan begins, he must make up the day along with paying a fidyah (definition) (expiatory payment) of feeding one poor person for each day. As for the expiation (kaffarah), it must not be delayed. If one delays it without a valid excuse until another Ramadan begins, he must hasten to perform it and repent for the delay, as it is immediately due.

As for the wife, if she was coerced, there is nothing upon her (neither making up the fast nor expiation). If she was willing, then she must make up the fast. Regarding the necessity of expiation for her, there are two opinions, and the preponderant view is that it is not obligatory upon her.