What is the ruling on making up prayers and fasting for the two days during which menstruation is followed by small spots of blood, knowing that the bleeding usually stops after three days, and is this considered an exaggeration, and how can one distinguish between the end of menstruation and the beginning of the brownish and yellowish discharge?

As long as the spotting occurs at a time suitable for menstruation, it is considered menstruation. A woman is not required to make up her prayers missed due to menstruation; rather, she only makes up the fasts. Scholars have reached a consensus on this, with the exception of the Khawarij. The end of menstruation is known by one of two signs: al-jufūf (the cotton swab coming out clean), or al-qaṣṣah al-bayḍā’ (white discharge appearing after the cessation of blood).