What is the Islamic ruling on unintentionally killing a non-Muslim in a car accident?
If a Dhimmi infidel is killed by mistake, the killer's 'Aqilah (agnatic kin) must pay blood money (Diyah) to the victim's guardians. The Diyah for a Dhimmi from the People of the Book is one-third of a Muslim's Diyah, while the Diyah for a Magian (Zoroastrian) or an idol worshiper is one-fifteenth of a Muslim's Diyah. For women, the Diyah is half. The amount of a Muslim's Diyah is one hundred camels or their equivalent value. The killer is also required to perform expiation (), which is the freeing of a believing slave; if unable, then fasting for two consecutive months. This is based on the verse: "And if he was from a people with whom you have a treaty, then a Diyah is to be paid to his family and the freeing of a believing slave." (Quran 4:92). This opinion is the most correct, and it was held by Ibn Abbas, Al-Sha'bi, Al-Nakha'i, Al-Shafi'i, Ibn Jarir Al-Tabari, and others.
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