Qiyas
Qiyas is analogical reasoning: extending a known ruling to a new case that shares its underlying reason. It is one of the tools scholars use in ijtihad. Two scholars can identify different reasons and reach different conclusions.
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See the term in context
How can the jurists’ saying that the basic principle in acts of worship is devotion (ta‘abbud) and not to consider their meanings be reconciled with the fact that the majority mention apparent reasons (ilal) for most acts of worship and their details? Is the point of reconciliation that what the scholars intend is merely to prevent the application of analogy (qiyas) to them, while still holding that their meanings are intelligible? And is what I have concluded regarding the example of wudu’ (ablution)—of affirming wisdom while preventing analogy—correct?
Among the Sharia rulings, some have known 'illah (effective cause) and some do not. 'Illah-based reasoning is frequent in customs and transactions but rare in acts of worship, because the principle for the latter is the…
What are the opinions of scholars and their evidence regarding acting upon a weak hadith in matters for which no other evidence has been transmitted, and does this apply to every matter for which only a weak hadith has been transmitted, even if it contradicts a qiyas (analogical deduction)? And does this include matters such as rinsing the mouth, sniffing water into the nose, continuity, and uttering the name of Allah in wudu and ghusl if their hadiths are weak, or is it limited to matters for which there is no textual evidence or qiyas except this weak hadith?
Scholars hold diverse opinions regarding the use of weak hadith in matters of virtuous deeds (Fada'il al-A'mal). Most permit its use under certain conditions, while others absolutely prohibit it. However, Ahl al-Hadith…
What are the permissible types of analogy (qiyas) regarding Allah Almighty?
Linguistically, qiyas (analogical deduction) means estimation and equality. Technically, it is defined as: "A branch being carried to an origin in ruling, due to a commonality between them." Qiyas is divided according…
Questions that use it
To what extent is it valid to argue against the authority of Qiyas (analogical reasoning) by citing statements attributed to the Prophet (PBUH) and the People of the Household (Ahl al-Bayt)?
What is the ruling on analogy (qiyas) based on dispensations (rukhsahs), and to what extent is the availability of their causes (asbab) without their impediments (mawani’) considered? And is the situation that permits taking the dispensation the effective cause (‘illah) around which the dispensation revolves in terms of existence and non-existence?
How should one deal with a group that claims to uphold Tawhid and is characterized by the following: not praying in the main mosque on the pretext that the worshippers are innovators, fasting and breaking fast with Saudi Arabia despite the geographical distance, denying sorcery, leniency in lowering garments below the ankles, permitting the trimming of beards, not praying behind the Tablighi Jamaat, and not recognizing ijma' (consensus) and qiyas (analogical reasoning)?