A very important question that has perplexed me: What is the ruling on a woman's participation in jihad?

Jihad is not obligatory upon women except in cases of necessity, such as when Muslim lands are attacked by an enemy. In this situation, she must participate in jihad to the best of her ability, as Allah Almighty says: (Allah does not burden a soul beyond its capacity). It has been reported in the Sunnah (definition) that a woman's jihad is the Hajj and 'Umrah (definition). It is permissible for an elderly woman to go out and assist the Mujahideen with nursing, providing water, and similar tasks, based on what has been reported about the women companions in the Prophet's ﷺ expeditions.