What is the ruling regarding a man saying to his wife: "Consider yourself divorced with a single divorce"? And is it permissible for a mother to interfere in her married daughter's health by offering an opinion that contradicts her husband, and is the wife sinful if she disobeys her husband regarding undergoing a surgery she does not want, and does the husband have the right to force her to do so?

As for a husband saying to his wife: "Consider yourself divorced with one pronouncement," if he intended divorce by it, then it is a divorce. As for the wife's disobedience to her husband concerning her health:

1. If it pertains to the husband's rights (such as intimacy or seeking a child): She must obey him if there is no harm to her, such as taking medicine that removes a bad odor or helps with pregnancy. 2. If it does not pertain to one of his rights or if it causes harm to her: She is not obliged to obey him, because obedience is only in what is permissible (ma'ruf).

Ibn Hajar Al-Haytami mentioned that the wife is compelled to wash any part of her body that has become impure and to avoid wearing impure clothes or clothes with a bad odor because the completeness of intimacy depends on it.

As for issues that may establish the option (of annulment) for the husband (such as imperforation and leprosy):

Malikis: A woman with imperforation is given time for treatment if the husband requests annulment and she requests treatment. She is not compelled to treat it if it is a natural formation, and the man is obliged to be patient unless the treatment results in a defect. She is compelled to seek treatment if the husband requests it and there is no harm to her. Shafi'is: The husband does not have the right to compel a woman with imperforation to incise the area. Hanafis: The author of Al-Durr stated that the husband has the right to incise his wife's imperforation and she is compelled to do so. However, Ibn Abidin commented that this statement is not explicitly transmitted, and what is mentioned is the possibility of incision, not its being compulsory. Hanbalis: The option (of annulment) is not established for a defect that disappeared after the marriage contract.

As for obeying the mother: it is obligatory in what is permissible, as long as it does not contradict the husband's command in matters where his obedience is obligatory. This includes medical treatment that does not require the husband's obedience if its omission does not harm the daughter.