Is my belief that refraining from available "menial" jobs because I think they violate [the concept of] chivalry (muru'ah) correct or incorrect? And is my action of borrowing money to solve my problem considered bad and sinful, given that I had no other solutions?

We ask Allah to relieve the questioner's distress. There is no harm for the questioner in taking on debt due to not having a profession except the forbidden trade. However, he must strive to obtain a permissible job that is not prohibited by law, even if it does not befit his social status. Engaging in a permissible job is better than drowning in debt, for debt may lead to imprisonment, and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, emphasized the seriousness of debt. Some scholars have gone as far as to prohibit taking on debt for those who are not in dire need and do not know themselves to be capable of repayment, unless the lender is aware of their situation.