What is the ruling on the prayer of one who performed the prostration of forgetfulness (sujud al-sahw) after the salam and interrupted the tashahhud after rising from the second prostration, thinking that he should not recite? And what is the ruling on the prayer of one who prays a supererogatory (nafila) prayer while sitting, despite being able to perform proper bowing (rukuʿ) and prostration (sujud)? And what is required of one who, due to forgetfulness, substituted one ذكر (remembrance/invocation) for another and one حركة (action/movement) for another in prayer, and then performed the prostration of forgetfulness?

As for the tashahhud (definition) after the post-prostration of forgetfulness (sujud (definition) al-sahw al-ba'di), it is obligatory according to the Hanbalis, but the preponderant view is that it is not prescribed. The prayer is valid whether tashahhud occurs or not. The prostration of one who is sitting should be on the ground if possible; otherwise, it should be lower than their bowing, and they should get as close to the ground as possible. The bowing of one who is sitting should be such that their face is aligned with the ground beyond their knees. As for errors in dhikr (definition) (remembrance of Allah), if it was an obligatory dhikr and the error was confirmed, then the prostration of forgetfulness is necessary. With doubt about abandoning an obligatory act, nothing is required according to the Hanbalis.