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The question

Does something become ritually impure if it touches a seat that was impure with urine, then had water sprinkled on it and dried, then became mixed with other seats such that it cannot be distinguished, and is it obligatory to wash whatever touched any of these seats?

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Source: FtawySummary from Ftawy's records · added here Sep 2, 20261 min readAlso available in العربية
The answer

Impurity is not purified by mere sprinkling (nadh), rather it must be thoroughly washed with water so that the impurity is submerged and its substance and traces, such as color or odor, are removed, unless their removal is impossible. So, if sprinkling means washing the impure spot, then it becomes pure; but mere sprinkling does not purify.

If an impure seat is mixed with pure seats, a wet hand does not become impure by touching any of them, because the default state is purity unless impurity is confirmed with certainty. The prescribed approach is to base matters on presuming continuity (istishab): if there is evidence of impurity, then it is ruled impure; otherwise, a thing is not avoided merely due to the possibility of impurity. One should beware of obsessive doubts (waswasa).

Summary from Ftawy's records · added here

Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.

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Where this answer came from
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Ftawy
Original fatwa ID
183888
Added here
. This is when the answer was added to El Fatwa, not the fatwa's date.
Text
Summary from Ftawy's records, reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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Read the full answer on Ftawy