Is a woman sinful if she menstruates half an hour after Dhuhr time begins and she has not prayed Dhuhr, and is she required to make up that prayer?
Scholars have differed regarding the obligation for a menstruating woman to make up a prayer if its time began while she was pure, and then she menstruated, holding two views: 1. She is not required to make it up. This is the of Malik and Abu Hanifa, because making up a prayer requires a new command, and she did not neglect it. 2. She is required to make it up. This is the madhhab of Shafi'i and Ahmad.
The more probable opinion is that she is not required to make it up. However, if she makes it up as a precaution, that is better.
If she delayed the prayer until she menstruated, while expecting menstruation, she is sinful for her negligence.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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