Is it permissible for a woman to travel for less than a day and a night? And is it permissible in a case where permission to enter the country is required, otherwise it will be cancelled?

There is a difference of opinion among jurists regarding the definition of travel from which a woman is prohibited without a mahram (definition) (unmarriageable kin). The preponderant view is that this matter is determined by custom. If a woman is harmed by not traveling due to the absence of a mahram, then there is no harm in her traveling without a mahram, provided she takes the necessary safety precautions.