What is the ruling on yellow and cloudy discharge (صفرة وكدرة)? Is it impure (نجسة) or pure (طاهرة)? And what should be done regarding ablution (وضوء) and prayer (صلاة) when menstruation is irregular, knowing that it may continue for days after the usual menstruation period, or may appear before the expected start of menstruation?

The maximum duration of menstruation is fifteen days. Yellowish and brownish discharges are not considered menstruation unless they occur during the habitual period or are continuous with blood. Therefore, if a woman experiences dryness followed by a yellowish or brownish discharge, it is considered menstruation if it falls within her habitual period (the eight days). However, after purification and the end of the habitual period, one should not pay attention to yellowish or brownish discharges, as they are considered impure and require istinja (definition)' (washing the private parts). It is not obligatory to change the sanitary pad you use for every prayer.