Is it permissible for me to pray most of the obligatory prayers at home, given that I hear the call to prayer from the mosque located beneath the building, and I live on the seventh floor with no elevator, and I go to work daily?

The questioner has no dispensation to be absent from prayer in the mosque as long as he lives close to it and hears the adhan (definition), unless this entails great hardship that cannot be borne due to frequent ascent and descent of stairs. In that case, he should pray in the mosque as much as he is able, otherwise, he should pray in his home.