What is the ruling of Islamic law on exploiting and selling lands acquired through illegal means (forging documents and paying bribes), knowing that these lands were designated for free distribution and are no longer so, and that leaving them will lead to their transformation into a garbage dump? And is the wealth acquired from these operations permissible or impermissible?
Land near urban areas is public property and cannot be seized without the permission of the ruler. As for distant land, its ruling is that of "mawat" (dead land), which becomes the property of whoever revives it, based on the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying: "Whoever revives dead land, it is his, and no oppressive vein (root) has a right."
Falsifying ownership documents and bribery are forbidden in Islam. Bribery is a sin for both the giver and the receiver, as Allah says: "And do not consume one another's wealth unjustly or send it [in bribery] to the rulers in order that you may consume a portion of the wealth of the people in sin, while you know it is unlawful." (2:188) And the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) cursed the briber and the bribed in judgment."
Wealth acquired from selling these unowned lands through bribery is unlawful (haram). Repentance is obligatory, and the money must be spent on good deeds with the intention of ridding oneself of the unlawful gain.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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