What is the Suraiji stratagem in divorce, and to which imams is it attributed?

The Sarjiyyah issue is when a man says to his wife: "If I divorce you, then you are thrice-divorced before that [divorce]." Sheikh al-Islam issued a fatwa deeming it void and impermissible to act upon, because it contains something impossible in Islamic law, which is the occurrence of a divorce preceded by three divorces. The majority of the Ummah rejected it. He also stated that whoever swore by it, believing that there would be no breaking of the oath, then later realized its impermissibility, should keep his wife, and no divorce has occurred in the past, and he should repent for the future. If he divorces her, the immediately effective divorce occurs, not the suspended one, because if the suspended one (the triple divorce) were to occur, the immediately effective one would not occur, due to its exceeding the number of divorces. And if the immediately effective one does not occur, then the suspended one does not occur either.