Is it permissible to perform tayammum on airplane seats by wiping the seat in front of us, knowing that there is no visible dust on it?
If water is unavailable on a plane and the seats are dusty, it is permissible to perform tayammum with the dust on them. Imam Ahmad explicitly stated the permissibility of performing tayammum with dust clinging to the hands from felt, clothing, or similar materials. If there is no dust and no other pure earth available, and one fears missing the prayer, it is permissible to pray without purification due to necessity.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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