Is the profit resulting from the use of customer data extracted from competitor companies unlawful (haram)? And is the person considered indebted to the owners of this data?

If the data extracted is apparent and accessible to everyone, then there is no harm in using programs to obtain it. However, if it is confidential and hidden, and cannot be accessed except through trickery and deception, then it is not permissible to extract it. Nevertheless, the method of obtaining the data does not affect the permissibility of the sales profit.