Does a judge's divorce take effect? And does Khul' (divorce at the wife's instance) count as a pronouncement of divorce?

A judge's divorce is effective if he rules it rightfully, such as divorce due to ila' (vow of abstinence) or destitution.

As for khulʿ (divorce at the wife's instance), there is a difference of opinion as to whether it is a talaq (repudiation) or a faskh (annulment). The majority of scholars hold that it is an irrevocable talaq. The preponderant view for us is the opinion of the majority, considering it an irrevocable talaq.