What is the ruling on prayer, fasting, and the obligation of ghusl for a woman who underwent uterine surgery during menstruation and cannot perform ghusl due to stitches that must not be touched by water?

If a surgical operation is performed on the uterus during menstruation, the blood discharged thereafter is considered an extension of the menstruation, as long as it does not exceed 15 days. Otherwise, it is blood of fasad (impairment) and necessitates ghusl (ritual bath).

If it is difficult to wash the site of the wound, one should wipe over it and perform tayammum (dry ablution) for it, and wash the rest of the body. This is based on the hadith of Jabir regarding the story of the man who sustained a head injury and experienced a wet dream, and died after his companions ordered him to perform ghusl. This also indicates the permissibility of combining water and tayammum when one is unable to use water due to harm, such as the story of Amr ibn al-Aas when he performed tayammum and led his companions in prayer while in a state of janaba (major ritual impurity), fearing perishing due to the cold, and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, approved of his action.