Is a person rewarded or punished for their actions in this life as well, or does accountability occur only after death? And is it true that charity protects its giver from illnesses, and that adultery brings poverty?

The true recompense for deeds is in the Hereafter, but a servant may be recompensed for their deeds in this world. The calamities of this world for a believer are an expiation for sins, and for a disbeliever, they may be a reminder before the greater torment. As for good deeds, the believer is recompensed for them in this world and the Hereafter, whereas the disbeliever is hastened his reward for his good deeds only in this world, and he has no share in the Hereafter. Charity wards off evil ends, extinguishes the Lord's wrath, and increases sustenance and lifespan. Adultery may cause poverty and a constricted life, and indecencies in general may lead to epidemics, scarcity of rain, and the emergence of enemies.