What is the definitive ruling on the supplication (du'a) after the establishment of the prayer (iqamah) and before the obligatory prayer? And was it reported that the Prophet (peace be upon him) did it? And what are the evidences of both parties?

The jurists differed on the supererogatory nature of the supplication after the Adhan following the Iqamah, based on their differing understandings of the hadith: "Between every two Adhans there is a prayer."

The First Opinion: The supplication after the Adhan is supererogatory following the Iqamah, as they reasoned that the Iqamah is called an Adhan, and therefore what is legislated for the Adhan in terms of repetition and remembrance afterward is also legislated for it. This opinion was adopted by Ibn Hajar Al-Haytami, Al-Khatib Al-Shirbini, the Permanent Committee, and Al-Albani.

The Second Opinion: The supplication is not legislated after the Iqamah because calling the Iqamah an Adhan is a matter of predominance (figurative use), and it does not share the rulings of the Adhan except with specific evidence. This is the view preferred by العلامة Al-Uthaymeen and Bakr Abu Zayd.

The fundamental principle for dhikr (remembrance) and dua (supplication) is to do so in secret and with a low voice.