What is the ruling on performing Hajj or Umrah on behalf of a missing person, and does that absolve him of the obligation?

If the religious court rules that a missing person has died, or if clear indications point to despair of his life, then the rulings pertaining to a deceased person apply to him. Thus, Hajj and Umrah may be performed on his behalf from his estate or through the donation of another person, and this fulfills his obligation of Hajj and Umrah. However, if the missing person returns alive, or if his life becomes apparent after Hajj has been performed on his behalf, then the obligation of Hajj is not waived for him. He is then required to perform Hajj and Umrah himself if he is able, because the presumption of his death has been proven incorrect.