Does the fasting person who is forced to break his fast complete it? Does he make up for this day? And is he sinful if he does not complete it?
If a fasting person is coerced into breaking their fast during an obligatory fast, they must resume abstaining and complete their fast once the coercion ceases, unless they are among those upon whom fasting is not obligatory. Scholars have differed regarding the make-up (qada'):
- The Hanafis and Malikis: They mandate making up the fast.
- The Shafi'is and Hanbalis: They do not mandate making up the fast for coercion to eat or drink, as it is like someone who has food poured down their throat unwillingly, unlike coercion to engage in intercourse, which is considered zina (fornication/adultery).
The more probable view is that making up the fast is not obligatory, due to the absence of free will under coercion, and because coercion is more severe than forgetfulness, which does not break the fast. Furthermore, the ruling of disbelief is lifted from one who is coerced into it. This all applies to legitimate, recognized coercion according to Islamic law, such as having food forcibly placed in one's mouth or being threatened with death.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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