Is there a hadith that states that whoever steals something from another, the stolen item will be taken from him on the Day of Judgment, along with 700 hasanat for every penny stolen?

The prohibition of theft is established by texts from the Qur’an and Sunnah, including the hadith: “May Allah curse the thief who steals an egg, and then his hand is cut off.” As for the specific warning mentioned in the question, there is no particular hadith regarding it. However, it is confirmed that on the Day of Judgment, the wronged person will be given from the good deeds of their oppressor; if the oppressor has no good deeds, then some of the wronged person’s sins will be taken and placed upon the oppressor.